Technology

Apple trees cultivation technology

One of the most important elements in the production of seedlings is a good quality surface which acts as the base from which after a year or two years, quality one-year or two-year seedlings are achieved. Substrates are planted in the spring, grow during the year, after which are spooled with a bud (chipping) of desired varieties. This graft is done during the month of August of the current year, most often at a height of about 20 cm above ground level. By the end of the vegetation period, the bud grows with the substrate, and is not activated in terms of growth, but rather stays dormant.

It is not until the following year in the spring that it begins to grow and then the surface is shortened to above the grafted bud, ie. at about 20 cm above the ground. Meanwhile, grafted substrates may have been removed and transplanted, or left in the same nursery for further development. If the grafted seedlings are transplanted and such production is intended to end in the first year of the development of the spool, then an annual, so-called, nine-month seedling is achieved. If the seedlings are not transplanted, and next year we intend to finish the production, we get eighteen-month seedlings.

However, two years knip seedlings are obtained so that after the first year seedlings are shortened at the height of 70 cm above the ground and next year at this altitude they start branching. To obtain a nine-month seedlings and knip - seedlings existing grafts are planted, but production of knip seedlings lasts a year longer, which gives higher two-year seedlings quality, which were as such far more fertile than ordinary perennial and already the following year after planting its yield is 30 - 40 t / ha (planting density about 4000 / ha).

What we are particularly proud of and which represents the latest technology in the production of seedlings is the production of two-year "let it grow" seedlings which represent a fully formed seed, already prepared for production in the orchard and as such compared to conventional knip seedlings, gives even greater initial yield, and full yield is reached in the third or fourth year. In addition, this kind of tree allows denser planting in the orchard of over 6,000 trees per hectare.